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Опубликовано Delivron в Вс, 07/04/2013 - 14:03
Рейтинг: 384
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Под Participio в испанском языке понимают страдательное причастие прошедшего времени, отвечающего на вопрос "какой?" - сделанный. Образуется participio добавлением окончание -ado для глаголов, заканчивающихся на -ar и -ido для глаголов на -er, -ir:
Примеры: hablar - hablado, comer - comido, finir - finido
Причастие склоняется по роду и числу, например cocer - cocido - cocidos - cocida - cocidas
Некоторые глаголы имеют особую форму participio:
| decir |
hacer |
ver |
poner |
abrir |
cubrir |
mourirse |
volver |
escribir |
ir |
romper |
| dicho |
hecho |
visto |
puesto |
abierto |
cubierto |
muerto |
vuelto |
escrito |
ido |
roto |
Употребление
1. В функции определения, после существительного
Ella trajo comida hecha. - Она принесла готовую еду.
Retira la ropa planchada. - Убери поглаженную одежду.
2. С глаголом estar для передачи состояния или результата действия
La puerta está cerada. - Дверь закрыта.
Este sillón está estropeado. - Это кресло сломано.
3. С глаголом ser для образования страдательного залога (преимущественно в письменной, газетной речи)
La iglesia fue construida cien años atrás. - Церковь была построена 100 лет назад.
El proyecto de ley será examenado el lunes que viene. - Законопроект будет рассмотрен в следующий понедельник.
4. В конструкции una vez + participio, означающей "как только...", "будучи..."
Una vez venido a casa, él se puso a ver la télé. - Как только он пришел домой сразу принялся смотреть телевизор.
Una vez hervida la agua, se puede echar macarrones. - Как только вода закипит, можно бросать макароны.
Другие материалы по данной тематике: Gerundio
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